Sociology and Social Science Globalisation

Question: Discuss about theSociology and Social Sciencefor Globalisation. Answer: Introduction Globalisation, in the contemporary era, has drawn the attention of scholars from different domains due to the wide spread impacts caused by it. By globalisation, we mean the progression of international integration as a result of interchange of world views, opinions, ideas, concepts, product and culture. The International Monetary Fund has identified the basic aspects related to globalisation-investment movements and capita, transactions and trade, dissemination of knowledge and migration of people (Lindberg Sverrisson, 2016). It has been noticed that globalisation and free trade encourage economic growth and result in lower prices for many goods. The present essay critically discusses why the above mentioned idea may be problematic from the perspective of sociology. The essay is based on the understandings of economic, cultural and political globalisation. Arguments are put up with the help of evidence and examples. According to Hay and Marsh (2016), economic globalisation is actively pursued by policy makers through deregulation of the economy and fast technological advancements. The socio-economic impact of globalisation forms to be a complete analysis of consumption patters, trade, tourism, migration, entertainment and human behaviour. Though globalisation leads to significant economic growth and reduction of poverty to some extent, a rich pool of evidence indicate that globalisation does not always lead to sustainable growth. Singh (2016) has opined that it is transparent that globalisation holds much social significance. However, the impact it has on society varied greatly. This has given rise to sharply divided view points regarding the impact of globalisation on contemporary society. According to Fominaya (2014), globalisation is necessary for bringing positive changes for helarding a better society. Sorrells (2015) argues that while the individuals in already privileged sections of the society gain more benefits, the condition of those coming from the excluded population is found to worsen. Fulu and Miedema (2016) has highlighted the undesirable effects globalisation brings to the society. As per the authors, globalisation brings about an end of the family life how it has been perceived till now. The disappearance has not been the issue, but the profound diversification has. The worldwide trend is an increased divorce rate, marking the rise of single parenthood as an alternative lifestyle that under s ome circumstances are viable. This trend suggests that more number of women are joining the workforce and the traditional role of fulfilling responsibilities and duties towards family is diminishing. The direct impact is on the upbringing these children are getting as the responsibilities are pushed towards the educational institutes. Sorokin (2016) has thrown light on the global scenario of social injustice and inequality as a result of globalisation. As per the author, the richest 5% people in the world are known to receive almost 100 times of the income of the worlds poorest 5%. The top 25 richest Americans are known to earn 2 billion of the poorest of the world. The income gap between middle class or poor class and rich class is still prevalent, or has widened in many of the developed as well as developing countries. This trend is slowly altering the structure of economies, society and family. The author also stated that if this sharp increase in social inequality persists, there may be dreadful impacts on social stability and human development. Social unrest is another example of the unconstructive impact of globalisation on the society. An inflated underclass is being that is facing a consant struggle to close the income gaps and absence of job opportunities. Criminal syndicates are therefore being catalysed in such kind of ideal environment, exploiting and victimising children and women at large. Human trafficking, illegal trade of diamonds from countries of Africa, drug trafficking are some of such examples. Additionally, gender inequality is on the rise. Many of the patriarchial societies still support gender inequality where one gender is thought to be more socially and economically viable than the other. Cultural systems do not fall behind from such discussion. Metropolitan countries are facing outcomes of adaptation off cross-cultural interactions. They are constantly striving to achieve a social equilibrium. Though culture is transient, evolution in cultures due to globalisation through the exchange of thoughts and interactions have made a crushing negative impact on families and children (Carlson et al., 2016). Alexander et al., (2016) have the viewpoint that like economics, society is also developing day by day. Advancements in transportation technology and communication, in combination with free-market principles, have given services take advantage of cheap labour. Moreover, economic policies have made the major contribution towards removal of trade barrier as Foreign Direct Investment has become a vital part of most countries. In the current market, benefits are more for trade and economics. The reintegration into the economy on a worldwide basis has seen progress at a swift rate. Poverty reduction in countries like China and India are remarkable, signifying a positive impact globalisation has. On the contrary, some serious opposition has been created related to increased environmental degradation and inequality. It is known to all that internet is a useful tool for connecting to the outside world. However, the development can prove to be harmful if ethics are not maintained, and it is u sed for the unlawful purpose. From an economic aspect, though globalisation encourages a major amount of free trade, negative consequences also lie. Natural resources are destroyed as larger countries take advantage over the poor countries in terms of trade. The inequality in trade is also reflected in inequality in society as countries like Vietnam face the consequences of differences in tax payment. From the above discussion, we can conclude that the trends of globalisation are generating chances of wide spread changes in all domains of the society. Society has acknowledged this and reforms are constantly being considered as a response to the international trends and modernising ideas. It must be noted that globalisation represents a shift in the sociological settings across the globe. Though globalisation is a good chance for bringing about prosperity and development through economic growth, negative aspects lie in the affects on social and cultural spheres. There is a need to bring improvements in knowledge, ethics, experiment and beliefs in order to join in the general predisposition of global economics and society efficiently. References Alexander, J. C., Thompson, K., Edles, L. D. (2016).Contemporary Introduction to Sociology: Culture and Society in Transition. Routledge. Carlson, S., Gerhards, J., Hans, S. (2016). Educating Children in Times of Globalisation: Class-specific Child-rearing Practices and the Acquisition of Transnational Cultural Capital.Sociology, 0038038515618601. Fominaya, C. F. (2014).Social movements and globalization: How protests, occupations and uprisings are changing the world. Palgrave Macmillan. Fulu, E., Miedema, S. (2016). Globalization and changing family relations: Family violence and womens resistance in Asian Muslim societies.Sex Roles,74(11-12), 480-494. Hay, C., Marsh, D. (Eds.). (2016).Demystifying globalization. Springer. Lindberg, S., Sverrisson, . (Eds.). (2016).Social movements in development: the challenge of globalization and democratization. Springer. Singh, V. P. (2016, July). Globalization, Social Transformation and Profession: Emerging Trends in Global Sociology. InThird ISA Forum of Sociology (July 10-14, 2016). Isaconf. Sorokin, P. (2016). Global sociologyin different disciplinary practices: Current conditions, problems and perspectives.Current Sociology,64(1), 41-59. Sorrells, K. (2015).Intercultural communication: Globalization and social justice. Sage publications.